Linux 用户和组账户管理：详解配置文件与权限等级制度

Linux 用户和组账户管理

Linux 操作系统是一个多用户、多任务的操作系统，用户和组账户的管理是系统管理中的重要组成部分。在 Linux 系统中，用户和组账户的配置文件以及权限等级制度对于维护系统保险性和稳定性具有重要作用。

一、用户和组账户配置文件

Linux 系统中，用户和组账户的关键配置文件如下：

1. 用户配置文件

/etc/passwd：用户账户信息文件，包含用户名、用户ID、用户组ID、家目录、登录Shell等信息。

        root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
        daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
        bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
    

2. 组账户配置文件

/etc/group：用户组信息文件，包含组名、组ID以及组内用户列表。

        root:x:0:
        daemon:x:1:
        bin:x:2:
    

3. 密码配置文件

/etc/shadow：用户密码信息文件，包含用户名、加密后的密码以及密码相关属性。

        root:$6$8GtE9on3F$z2yKzgqK8QaJ9P0lIa6sJ9pLzJqQaG7G4j7G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j4G4j
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